Signal and Data Processing

fa ارائه ابزاری کارآمد برای سنتز سطح بالای مبدل‌های دیجیتال مدارهای VLSI An efficient CAD tool for High-Level Synthesis of VLSI digital transformers مقالات پردازش داده‌های رقمی Paper پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;">امروزه مبدل‌های دیجیتال از مهم‌ترین ادوات یک سامانه پردازش سیگنال و داده به‌شمار رفته و به‌صورت گسترده در زمینه پردازش صوت، تصویر و سیگنال‌های حیاتی به‌کار گرفته می‌شوند. در طراحی مبدل‌های دیجیتال VLSI، سنتز سطح بالا (HLS) یکی از مراحل مهم و تأثیرگذار به شمار می رود. هدف اصلی از انجام این کار، کمینه‌کردن واحدهای پایه دیجیتالی مورد استفاده در پروژه مفروض جهت بهبود توان، تأخیر، و سطح مصرفی آنها است. این کار عمدتاً با تحلیل گراف مسیر داده (DFG) اتفاق میافتد. بهبود در این مرحله، علاوه‌بر بازدهی بیشتر باعث کاهش زمان طراحی در مراحل پایین‌تر می‌شود. ماهیت پیچیده، گسترده و گسسته مسائل سنتز سطح بالا، باعث شده است که آنها در زمره مسائل بسیار دشوار در مهندسی مدارات VLSI به‌شمار آیند؛ از این‌رو استفاده از روش‌های فراابتکاری و هوشجمعی جهت حل پروژه‌های مرتبط با سنتز سطح بالا، گزینه‌ای مطلوب به نظر می‌رسد. در این مقاله روشی مبتنیبر الگوریتم فراابتکاری "شعله و پروانه"(MFO) جهت یافتن بهترین طرح سخت‌افزاری برای انواع مبدل‌های دیجیتال ارائه شده است. نتایج مقایسه‌ای در کنار نتایج حاصل از روش مبتنی بر الگوریتم ژنتیک (GA) نشان داد که روش پیشنهادی از توانایی بالاتری در ارائه ساختار سخت‌افزاری مناسب و سنتز سطح بالای انواع مبدل‌ها برخوردار است. همچنین ویژگی دیگر روش پیشنهادی، سرعت بالای آن در یافتن پاسخ بهینه است (میانگین برتری بیش از 20% نسبت به GA).</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"></div> <div style="text-align: justify;">Digital transformers are considered as one of the digital circuits being widely used in signal and data processing systems, audio and video processing, medical signal processing as well as telecommunication systems. Transforms such as Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) are among the ones being commonly used in this area. As an illustration, the DCT is employed in compressing the images. Moreover, the FFT can be utilized in separating the signal spectrum in signal processing systems as fast as possible. The DWT is used in separating the signal spectrum in a variety of applications from signal processing to telecommunication systems, as well.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;">In order to build a VLSI circuit, several steps have to be taken from chip design to final construction. The first step in the synthesis of the integrated circuits is called high-level synthesis (HLS), in which a structural characteristic is obtained from a behavioral or algorithmic description. The resulting structural characteristic is equivalent to the one being considered in the behavioral description and it somehow represents the method for implementing the behavioral description as a result several structural descriptions could be implementable for each behavioral description. Therefore, depending on the intended use, the characteristic will be selected that outperforms the others. The main purpose of the HLS is to optimize the power consumption, the chip occupied area and delayed and is fulfilled by selecting the appropriate number of operating units and how they are implemented to the operators. This is generally accomplished through a graph analysis called the data flow graph (DFG) which is a graphical representation of the type and how the operators connect. In the DFG, each node is equivalent to an operator while the edges represent the relationship between these operators.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;">Experience has proved that if the level of design optimization is high, in addition to higher efficiency, the design time will be lower, which is why the researchers are far more interested in optimization at higher levels of design than the lower levels. The complex, extensive, and discrete nature of the HLS problems have been ranked them among the most complex problems in VLSI circuits engineering. Bearing this mind, using meta-heuristic and Swarm intelligence methods to solve high-level synthesis projects seems to be a favored option. In this paper, a heuristic method called Moth-Flame Optimization (MFO) has been used to solve the HLS problem in the design of digital transformer to find the optimal response. The MFO is a population-based heuristic algorithm that optimizes the problems using the laws of nature. The leading notion behind the MFO algorithm inspired from the moths’ movements and their instinctive navigation during the night. In the MFO algorithm, the moths are like chromosomes in the GA and like the particles in the PSO algorithm. In order to compare and prove the efficiency of the proposed method, it was applied on the test data with the GA-based method separately but with the same initial conditions. The comparative results along with the results of the GA-based method demonstrated that the proposed method exhibits a higher ability to provide the appropriate hardware structure and high-level synthesis of various types of transformers. Another outstanding feature of the proposed method is its high speed of finding an optimal response with an average of more than 20% greater than the GA based method.</div> سنتز سطح بالا, مسیرداده, مبدل‌های دیجیتال, الگوریتم‌های فراابتکاری, الگوریتم بهینه‌سازی شعله و پروانه High-Level Synthesis, Datapath, Digital Transformers, Meta-heuristic Algorithm, MFO Algorithm 3 18 http://jsdp.rcisp.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-508-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mohammad Reza Esmaeili محمدرضا اسماعیلی mr.esmaeili@birjand.ac.ir 100319475328460010476 100319475328460010476 No University of Birjand دانشگاه بیرجند Seyed Hamid Zahiri سید حمید ظهیری hzahiri@birjand.ac.ir 100319475328460010477 100319475328460010477 Yes University of Birjand دانشگاه بیرجند Seyed Mohammad Razavi سید محمد رضوی smrazavi@birjand.ac.ir 100319475328460010478 100319475328460010478 No University of Birjand دانشگاه بیرجند